lecture 21 november

Today, 21 November we have lecture on the genetic transfer and recombination. Genetic recombinant refer to the  arrangement of DNA from separate group of gene . there are exchange between 2 DNA to form new combinations of genes in the chromosome. There are donor cell which is give a portion of its total DNA. In contrast, recipient ceel that receive a portion of DNA from donor cell. The part of donor DNA is incorporate into recipient DNA.

Transformation is process where the gene are transferred from donor to recipient. In Griffith experiment, the bacteria involve is Streptococcus pneumonia and it consist of two type of colonies which are smooth colonies and rough colonies. The smooth colonies are capsular polysaccharide and pathogen. In contrast, the rough colonies lack of capsular polysaccharide and non-pathogenic

The mechanism of genetic transformation in bacteria is process by which free DNA is incorporate into a recipient cell and bring genetic change. Competence is the alterations in the cell wall that make it permeable to large DNA molecule.

Transductions is process where the DNA is transferred from donor to recipient via betriophage. There are two type of transduction which is generalize transduction and specialize transduction.

Plasmid involve self replicating covalently closed circular DNA molecule that can survive by own. The several type of plasmid is dissimilation plasmid, conjugated plasmid and r-factor.

Conjugation requied contact between donor and recipient cells. The F+ donor contains F plasmid and F- recipient cells do not contain F plasmid.during conjugation , an Hfr Cell can transfer chromosomal DNA into the recipient cell.

Lastly, we learn Transposons carry any type  of gene, including antibiotic resistance genes. There are two type of transposons which are insertion sequence and complex transposon. Have g good Friday J