semester 2 Microbiologyll topic 1

For the second semester we already cover on topic microbial taxonomy and introduction to immunology . for topic microbial taxonomy we learn:

1)name microorganisms according to international rules and regulation
2)illustrate the methods to classify, identify and name the microorganism

CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
Phenetic-Numerical taxonomy ,Dendogram
Phylogenetic-16S rRNA, Phylogenetic tree
Genotypic-other molecular methods

Phenetic classification is based on the mutual similarity of phenotypic characterstics. The are two methods in this classification which is simple matching coefficient and Jaccard coefficient.
Phylogenetic is compare organism on the basis of evolutionary. From this classification I will know how to determine phylogenetic classification.
For genotypic , I know that if we come from same species that related we have strong similarity.



TECHNIQUES/METHODS FOR CLASSIFICATION/IDENTIFICATION


Classical
· Morphological (staining, external structure, cell inclusion, cell grouping)
· Physiological and metabolic
· Biochemical
· Ecological
· Immunologic test
· Phage typing
· Antibiotic profiling


Molecular
· Amino acid sequencing
· Nucleic acid base composition (%GC by HPLC and Tm)
· Nucleic acid hybridization
· Nucleic acid sequencing
· Genomic fingerprint (MLSA, RFLP, ribotyping)
· Nucleic acid probe
· Plasmid fingerprinting


In nucleic acid base composition %GC , I know the steps to get the GC content by spectrophotometrically. I think this technique not very accurate because of same GC content but the arrangement differ are not relate . Nucleic acid hybridization also we need to remember the steps involve. This technique is strictly control to avoid self hybridize.

In bacteriophage typing , we need to remember the procedure to produce the plaque on agar plate. Antibiotic susceptibility test is use to determine the pattern of resistance and susceptibility to antibiotics by determination of MIC and MLC. By using this method , we can see the contract between the clear zone that show it susceptible to antibiotics where the bacteria cannot grow and resistance the bacterial growth.

From this lesson I know that it is not easy to give the bacterial names which we need to follow the rules and techniques in giving the name of bacterial. So I really appreciate and impress with the people that found every new bacterial for further studies. And there is a lot of technique and method for classification and identification of bacterial that we need to well planned the test to get the good identification .